The Three Major Bon Dances that Color Japan’s Tradition
Bon dances, widely known as a representative event of Japanese summer, trace their origins back to the Heian period. This ancient culture continues to captivate many people today. Among them, Tokushima’s “Awa Odori,” Gifu’s “Gujo Odori,” and Akita’s “Nishimonai Bon Odori” are referred to as Japan’s three major Bon dances, each with its own unique charm and history.
Awa Odori boasts a history of over 400 years and attracts many tourists to Tokushima City every year. Its lively rhythm and distinctive choreography leave an unforgettable impression. On the other hand, Gujo Odori is famous for its long duration, continuing day and night. Its friendly atmosphere offers enjoyment to all participants. Meanwhile, Nishimonai Bon Odori is highly regarded as a mysterious and graceful dance, with traditional costumes not to be missed.
These three major Bon dances are valuable cultural heritages that encapsulate the characteristics of their respective regions, full of diversity. Let’s delve into these traditional festivals that have been passed down across Japan.
The History and Significance of Bon Dances
Bon dances are widely cherished as a symbol of Japanese summer. Their origin dates back to the Heian period, believed to have started with the “Odori Nembutsu” by the monk Kuya Shonin. In the Kamakura period, Ippen Shonin spread this dance nationwide, establishing it as an event for ancestor worship and mourning the deceased by chanting “Namu Amida Butsu” while dancing. With such a background, Bon dances have played an important role in connecting communities while carrying religious significance.
Awa Odori: Tradition and Charm of Tokushima
Awa Odori is one of Japan’s largest Bon dances, held annually from August 12 to 15 in Tokushima Prefecture. With a history of over 400 years, it attracts many tourists. Its dynamic movements and the splendid performances by groups called “Ren” are notable. The sight of many people dancing in unison to the chant of “Yattosa” is breathtaking. This festival is also popular as a participatory event, where citizens and tourists can enjoy dancing around the Yagura (tower) set up in various parts of the city.
Highlights of Awa Odori
Awa Odori has many highlights. Especially noteworthy are the performances by professional groups at the “Paid Performance Venues.” Additionally, in the “Street Ren” areas where anyone can freely join, you can see a variety of styles and costumes. This festival blends unique Japanese culture with modern entertainment, allowing you to enjoy tradition from a new perspective.
Gujo Odori: A Long Summer Festival in Gujo City, Gifu
Gujo Odori, held in Gujo City, Gifu Prefecture, is the longest-running of the three major Bon dances. It usually lasts from mid-July to early September, with the climax being the all-night dance, where tens of thousands of participants enjoy until morning. This festival also traces its origin to the “Nembutsu Odori” spread nationwide by Ippen Shonin.
Unique Features of Gujo Odori
Gujo Odori features more than 10 different songs, each with its own choreography, and the entire community serves as a model to gently guide newcomers. This openness is the festival’s greatest charm. Additionally, pay attention to the regionally distinctive songs like “Kawasaki.” During this festive period, many shops and stalls line the streets, allowing you to enjoy local cuisine to your heart’s content.
Nishimonai Bon Odori: The Enchanting Beauty in Ugo Town, Akita
Nishimonai Bon Odori, held in Ugo Town, Akita Prefecture, is also known as “Mouja Odori” due to its enchanting atmosphere. It is said to have started as a memorial for the Onodera clan, with origins steeped in sorrow and requiem.
The Aesthetics Unique to Nishimonai Bon Odori
This dance, symbolized by black hoods and patched costumes, possesses a unique aesthetic. Young girls compete in elegance with black hoods, while adult women wear patched costumes. The highly skilled music accompaniment also stands out. Due to its serene and artistic nature, this festival is worth visiting even just for viewing.
Summary: How to Use This Guidebook on Japan’s Three Major Bon Dances
These three traditional festivals—Awa, Gujo, and Nishimonai—each have different themes and atmospheres. However, they all play a role in deepening regional culture and continue to be creative events. If you’re interested this summer, please visit and create unforgettable memories. We have provided abundant information, hoping it will be useful for your next visit.
What Are Japan’s Three Major Bon Dances?
Japan’s three major Bon dances refer to Tokushima’s “Awa Odori,” Gifu’s “Gujo Odori,” and Akita’s “Nishimonai Bon Odori.” Each has its own unique tradition and attracts many tourists.
When and Where Are They Held?
Awa Odori is held annually from August 12 to 15 in Tokushima City. Gujo Odori takes place from mid-July to early September in Gujo City, Gifu Prefecture, with the famous all-night dance from August 13 to 16. Nishimonai Bon Odori is held from August 16 to 18 in Ugo Town, Akita Prefecture.
What Are the Features and Highlights of Each Festival?
Awa Odori is popular for performances by groups called “Ren,” characterized by synchronized movements to lively rhythms. Gujo Odori is attractive for its style where everyone can freely join in a circle. The all-night dance is also noteworthy. Nishimonai Bon Odori features a mystical dance with dancers wearing face-covering hoods and woven hats, creating a mysterious atmosphere.
How to Access Japan’s Three Major Bon Dances?
Tokushima City can be accessed by plane, express bus, or Shinkansen.
Gujo City is about 3.5 hours by train and bus from Nagoya Station, or about 2 hours by car via the Tokai-Hokuriku Expressway.
To reach Ugo Town, renting a car or using a bus from Akita Airport is recommended.
What Should You Be Aware of When Attending?
Due to crowds, it is recommended to arrive early. Some events may offer advance reservations for paid viewing seats, so check in advance. Prepare for the heat with drinks and hats.
Do You Have Any Advice on Attire?
Comfortable clothing like T-shirts and shorts is recommended, but wearing a yukata for the festival is also enjoyable. However, choose well-worn shoes for your feet.
Are PCR Test Results or Vaccination Certificates Required? (As of October 2023)
For specific requirements, please contact the official website of each festival or related organizations. Note that some events may require submission as part of infection control measures.
This Q&A-style article provides a wide range of information about Japan’s three major Bon dances, from basic information to access methods and viewing precautions. To fully enjoy the unique charm of each festival, be sure to prepare in advance.
The Charm of Experiencing Japan’s Three Major Bon Dances
Known as Japan’s three major Bon dances, “Awa Odori,” “Gujo Odori,” and “Nishimonai Bon Odori” each have a deep history and unique charm, symbolizing regional culture. Awa Odori, held in Tokushima Prefecture, is characterized by its dynamic performances and audience-participatory events. This festival, with a tradition spanning over 400 years, attracts many people.
Gujo Odori, held in Gujo City, Gifu Prefecture, is famous for its long duration throughout the summer. The all-night dance, where participants can enjoy until morning, is particularly popular for its open atmosphere.
Nishimonai Bon Odori, held in Ugo Town, Akita Prefecture, is attractive for its enchanting dance style known as “Yugenbi.” The graceful dance by performers wearing black hoods and patched costumes captivates tourists.
These festivals are not just entertainment but also play a role in ancestor worship and strengthening community bonds. While each has its own distinct features and charm, they attract many people from all over Japan, promoting understanding and empathy towards Japanese culture. If you’re interested, please visit. Unique hospitality and unforgettable experiences await you.